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# Node Count

Common confusions about what the term "Node Count" means:

- it's not the number of PathNodes
- it's not the number of brush vertices
- it's not the number of BSP regions
- it's in fact the number of BSP leaf nodes

In other words, a Node is one of the coloured polygons in UnrealEd's Zone / Portal view.

The term is used in two ways:

- the total number of nodes in the map (this is given in the Build window's Stats tab.
- the number of currently visible nodes in game

### Example: single cube

A map consisting of a single subtracted cube will have:

- a total poly count of 6 (6 surfaces)
- a total node count of 6 (no surfaces are split)
- and therefore a node:poly ratio of 1.00:1

## Reducing Node Count

High node counts require more processing power (to render them all at once) and so can cause your map to play slowly on your machine, and could make it next to unplayable on a lower powered PC, especially if you have any special effects in there like snow or fog.

Semisolid brushes help drastically reduce the node count of a level – but overuse is also a bad idea. The node count in any one area can also be reduced by proper Zoning of your map.

refactoring in progress...

But the plot thickens. At least one person in the world of Unreal editing, a certain Tarquin, was for a long time under the mistaken impression that a BSP node was a region of space. It's not. That's a region, probably.

Experiments support the hypothesis (see below) that a BSP node is a poly belonging to a region: in other words, one of the ares of colour that is seen in UnrealEd's Zone / Portal view.

Current theory is that it's none of the above. See experiment below.

High node counts require more processing power (to render them all at once) and so can cause your map to play slowly on your machine, and could make it next to unplayable on a lower powered PC, especially if you have any special effects in there like snow or fog.

Semisolid brushes help drastically reduce the node count of a level – but overuse is also a bad idea. The node count in any one area can also be reduced by proper Zoning of your map.

Egad, I was about to create a page on Node Count too... I am, however, fairly sure that node count is the number of BSP nodes, not the number of vertices. Tarquin

It would appear everyone was wrong: evidence shows that Node Count is the number of currently visible BSP polys. The Poly/Node ratio is then a measure of how much surfaces are split up by BSP cuts across the map.

(evidence is this: a single cube should be a single BSP region. NodeCount when looking at this is exactly the number of visible polys.)

Question: are the final leaves of the BSP tree regions which own polys, or polys themselves?

If the node count is the number of visible polys in your cube then it would seem that the leaves of the BSP tree reate to the polys themselves rather than the region that relates to the the polys in a single BSP cut.

Yup – Tarquin

### Quick Experiment

Build two subtractive boxes:

- 128 x 128 x 256
- 256 x 512 x 256

Put them side by side, so the small box is halfway up the side of the large box.

Look at the Build window's Stats tab, & note the following:

- We have 11 surfaces (entities that are selected in 3D view), since the small box loses one surface entirely
- One surface is a rectangle with a square hole in it. In Zone view this is split into 4 BSP polys.
- Total Nodes is 14. This is not the number of vertices (16) in the map.

Wandering around UEd with "stat FPS" enabled (type into the UnrealEd console) you can see the following:

- Poly count is 11, hence this is simply the number of surfaces. This already surprises me, I'd always figured poly count was the number of BSP polys, not surfaces, and node count was the BSP leafs... arg!
- Node count appears to be the number of BSP polys visible. Try looking at the small box from the big box. The high node count is due to the hollow surface being split.

Question
  Is the node count the total number of BSP nodes used to render the scene? Or is it the total number of leaf nodes used to render the scene? - it sounds like it's the total number of BSP nodes used as you would only expect faces to exist at the tree leafs.

### Another experiment

Create an 8 pointed start in the 2D shape editor and extrude it. Place two of them in a reasonably large room such that the flat face lies in the vertical plane (so you can look at it straight on). Now subtract (or clip) the front off of one of the stars you created to create a single polygon on the front face. Then merge all of the faces on the other star.

When you look at the level within the game you will see that the the star with the clipped or subtracted brush has both a reduced node count and a reduced poly count. When you look at the star with the mreged faces you will see that only the poly count has decreased.

This would seem to prove the BSP poly theory as the clip/subtract approach actually alters the wireframe of the star brush rather than simply "pretending" to alter the wireframe. The real question then is - why didn't the BSP merge any of the co-planar faces of the star brush? because it only merges to convex pieces

Tarquin: I haven't tried this in UnrealEd yet, but as far as I know:

- Clipping / Intersecting / BSP code splits concave polys by travelling round and making a cut for each face. For the star, I imagine this could make some cuts that fall midway across a side of the star face. Depends on how the star is made.
- Poly-merging code already has convex pieces to work with. It therefore only has to stick them together in an optimal way to make the smallest number of convex pieces.

A star shape isn't much suited to merging – again, much depends on the shape of the star, and possibly the order in which it was drawn in 2D (I think the way the shape is made out of triangles initially depends on side split order). Clipping/Intersecting may manage more merging in this case.

I tried clipping the star shape I built. Rather than having the wireframe change shape, the wireframe simply got thinner when I performed the clip. Ofcourse, this might have been a problem with the way I clipped it - I tend not to use the clipping tool much as on my old system it would tend to cause the editor to crash. Seems fine on the new one though so I might use it more.

ProjectX: Ayone know the recommended poly/node count for maps to be playable on most machines?

Aphex I believe the node count isn't just the leaf nodes, but all the nodes in the tree. At each node is a 3-d plane eqn that subdivides 3d space, its two children representing the space either side of that plane.

Just to make things a bit more complicated, your node count may change just by rebuilding the map with no changes to anything, suggesting it isn't a simple mapping to polygons, but an adaptive process with feedback (i.e. it uses the current bsp as input to the build process!) that probably arbitrarily chooses the first spatial subdivision.

I remember some epic person saying some time ago that it's best to have all your large brushes at the beginning of the CSG list, with detail brushes nearer the end for optimal BSP building...

- /MergingDebate.

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